Gas-producer.



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.INO- 837,121. PATENTED NOV. 27, 1906.

H. RIGH.

GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED we. 14. 1905 2 SHEETS-BREE? 1.

PATENTED NOV. 27', 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 f2 Vera f0 7' UNITED STATES WENRI menu, OF

PATENT QFFICE.

PARIS, FRANCE.

GAS-PRODUCER.

Application filed August 14,1

To (1. Ill/LO'IIL it ma ...211.1:(:iv1,.-

Be it known that I, .tlnxur Rich 6:. engineer, a citizen of the French Republic, residill at Paris, France, have inv nted certain new and usetul lmproVenu-nts in Mixed-Gas lrorl ucers, of which the following is a; specitication.

This invention has for its object to provide a. producer for the maintl'acture of mixed gas, which producer permits of successfully using;- for this purpose light fuel, such straw, hay, bag'asse, and the like. The main improvements forming the. object o't this invent-ion are: I First, a -onsiderablc enlargement ol the diinensions of the charge-cohnun, and especially of its horizontal crosssection, so that very light fuel can easily descend into the furnace without sticking anywhere. This enlargeinentof the horizontal cross-scction has. l'u'rth rnnn'e, the advantage that :ilarger amount ol 'l'uel may be .'harg'ed into the furnace de- 1 s iite the light weight of tbe't'uel. it results 5 therefrom that the as is produced wit-hgreat regularity and that the apparatus can 1 oe charged intcrmittently at sutlicientlylong intervals of. time.

Second, a considerable incrcz'tse. in. the sec tion and length ol' the int'crnnaliatc chamber which separates th furnace proper from the purilyiny colan:n. This advantage is especially secured by c: using the pu(dying-colu'inn to rest on an iron grate, which arrange ment renders the intermediate chamber l easily at cessible l'or cleaning purposes.

in the accompanying drawings, Figure l 1- shows a longitudinal section of a gas-producer provided with the improvements in accordance with the lllVtlltlHl). lug. .2 is

another \"crt' rat sect-ion on line A A of Fiji. 1.- and Fig. I} is on a larger scale a vertical section of the grat c. I

The charging of the raw light fuel to be 1 utilized is ell". sted at (L at the upper part of column or trooper which snrlnounts the -t'urnace. This charging is done either continuously and mechanically byineans of a suitable charging device, or it is done intenuittently in the form of finely-chopped parts or of bundles of suitable size. The fresh -l'ucl falls by its weight on account of thc enlarged section of the shaft. l), and gimduallydescends toward the furnace proper, which consists of Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented NOV. 21', 1906 905. Serial No. 274,164,

stepped grates c, hereinafter described. These grates are supported by slabs bolted to the vertical sides of the lll'(.-tltf)=)l' d, ar ranged in the base of the producer. The air blown or drawn in through this door innintains the conth'ust ion of the fuel. and. the

. produced pass in a horizontal dinrction 'trorn c to a through a ctnlsiderable mass of ignited fuel, are reduced, and become susceptible 0i utilization. There remains new only to purify the gases. On. reaching the gases enter the intermediate chamber]; the large (TOSSht(I-ll.01'l of which reduces condcrab'y their velocity, so that the dust and ashes con.- tained in the gases are depo ited in this chamber and may be removed tln-rel rom through the door 7 when the apparatus is not working. The gases t'recd oi dust and ashes are at'tterw'm'd puritied by the known process, which consists in igniting additional air through an opening l2 and allowing the to pass through a pnrilying-cohunneonsist ingof a column of im-andescent coke support cd by the grate iv The gases more in an upward direction through this purifying-cob ninn and escape throiufh the vast-iron head i into the gas-washer It", through which thei circulate in a downward direction with the water or other suitable liquid used to Wash them. This water or this other suitable liquid is to be as hot as possible, and For this utrpose is supplied to the wrsher alter it has been used in cooling'thc jac'mtsot' t .c tlIOltrl'S. The gases tlow downward with the water or through. the Various trays and bubbling through the water, so that the bubbles are altered in shape and caused to change their direction several times before reaching the bottom of the Washer. The various layers ol the water or other suitable liquid not also as hydraulic seals when the producer isnot working and prevent gas from How ing back into the producer.

The combustible gas obtained with the air pa sing horizontalt l l'tilil the grate to the chamber f through the tuel which descends gradually in the shatt a raw gas contain ing uncondensable combustible parts and vapors oi tar or ol' compound lr\'dro 4'cn carbids which, it they were comb-used nl c quentl in thrv pipes or appara'us nothing with llt(-5t ;1'nst-s-- t2 '--eiu ioe .l'o| iu.-.tu|u'e-- 1 the gas only burn.

through t bustion.

would rapidly render the use of these ap aratus im ossible. The air blown throng. it has not or its object to burn completel the gas. The amount of air blown throng h is moderate, and .the most combustible parts of It is known that the hydrogencarbids are the most combustible parts of'the gas. The combustion of the hydrogen pa'rbids is even not com lete. A great pro ortion of lam black an of pulverulent car on is de osite a great part of, which is carried 1) t e gas through the grate i and he column of coke. The gas, which was very hot after having passed through the fuel by which it is produced, is further heated. by the hereinbefore-describedpartial com- In consequence the column of coke isrendered incandescent, and is maintained in such a state by the passage of the gas, which is sufficiently hot for allowing the reduction of the little portion of carbonicacid gas which it contains through the pul yerulent carbon which is produced by the partial combustion of the gas which has been obtained in the chamber, f by blowing under a relatively great pressure in a free space air throu h h. The column of coke is thus maintaine tion of the vapors of tar or of hydrogen carbids, which in consequence of the friction of the. changing of direction and of section are brought into contact with the hot walls and. obliged to distil.

It must be understood that the-carbon pro duced by the combustion of the hydrogen carbids is in a sulilcient proportion for reducing the small amount of carbonic acid which remains in the gas after its formation. The coke of the column has no chemical action. Its action is more a physical one and also a mechanical one, as the dust is completely stopped by the passage of the gas at a wittle upwardly through this column. In consequence the production of gas is obtained from c to e. 'Its purification begins by the blowing of a limited amount of air through.

it, which burns only the hydro enof the hydrogen carbids contained in the gas. The purification is continued in the column of coke, first, by the prolonged contact between the lam black produced and the carbonic acid of t e gas and by the distillation of the vesicles of tar coming into contact with the incandescent coke; second, by the mechanical action of the column of coke forming a dr scrubber which retains the dust drawn a ong by the gas by the repeated shocks oi the dust against the pieces (ii-coke. As there is no consumption of coke, or a very insi nificant consumption ,devic'cs for the in trod uction of new coke and for the withdrawal of the ashes are not I'JBCQSSiLIY.

The grate c is constituted by cast-iron incandescent and ends the destruc promoting the reduction of bars have cast on them ribs m, which are so shaped that the liquid overflowing from one of the channels is caused by capillary action to flow into the trough of the bar below, and

so on from bar to bar downward. The liquid is thus heated not only by radiation, but also (and chiefly) by the conduction of the bars, and the evaporation is so proportioned as to correspond to the work to be supplied by the apparatus.

When ordinary straw is used, the amount of natural moisture contained therein being that which corresponds to the best output of the producer, no water is caused to flow on the grate-bars. V7 hen dry straw is used, the

temperature of the furnace would be too.

high. Water then supplied to the gratebars, and the evaporation and decomposition. of water lower the temperature of the furnace to the degree of heat which is most suitable for the ellicient working and preservation of the producer. Lastly, if the straw be very damp the temperature of the furnace will be too low, and the gases may not be sufficiently combustible. In this case, instead-of water, petroleum or residues from the treatn-lent of petroleum or any other oil may be supplied to the grate-bars. The partial combustion of these oils increases the temperature and enriches the ases, thereby the carbon dioxid and aqueous vapor and also adding to the mass of gases a considerable of stable distilled-cit hydrocarbons.

Havin thus described and. ascertained the nature 01' my invention andin What manner the same may what I claim is-- 1. An apparatus for the manufacture of proportionbe performed, I declare that mixed gas,.a producer embodying a chargecolumn of enlarged cross-sectional area, a charging-head at the upper part of said column, a grate at the lower part or said column, a combustion-chambcr extending at an angle with respect to the producer, a purifyingcolumn arranged above and communicating with said combustion chamber, air inlets in said combustion-chamber between the charge-column and the puritying-column, a

gas-washer, and a conduit for establisl'ring communication between. the top of said puri-; fying-col umn and said gasqvasherf 2. An apparatus for the manufacture of mixed giis conmrising a producer embod'yin a charge-column of enlarged cross-sections area, a step'like grate at the base of said charge-column and provided with troughs, a charging head for said char "6 column, a com bustion chamber extent ing laterally from the chargemolumn, apurifying-columnarranged over and communicating with said I I In testimony whereof I have hereunto set combustion-chamber, air-inlets for the c0mmy hand in presence of two subscribing Witbustion-chamber mterposed between the nesses. 4 purifying-column and the charge-column,'a HENRI RICHE. conduit at the top of said puyifying-column, Witnesses:

and a gas-washer communicating with said EMILE KLo'rz,

conduit. I PAUL BLUM. 

